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KMID : 0613820110210101473
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Journal of Life Science
2011 Volume.21 No. 10 p.1473 ~ p.1480
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Autotrophic Perchlorate-Removal Using Elemental Sulfur Granules and Activated Sludge: Batch Test
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Han Kyoung-Rim
Kang Tae-Ho
Kang Hyung-Chang
Kim Kyung-Hun
Seo Deuk-Hwa
Ahn Yeong-Hee
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Abstract
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Perchlorate (ClO_4^-) is a contaminant found in surface water and soil/ground water. Microbial removal of perchlorate is the method of choice since microorganisms can reduce perchlorate into harmless end-products. Such microorganisms require an electron donor to reduce perchlorate. Conventional perchlorate-removal techniques employ heterotrophic perchlorate-reducing bacteria that use organic compounds as electron donors to reduce perchlorate. Since continuous removal of perchlorate requires a continuous supply of organic compounds, heterotrophic perchlorate removal is an expensive process. Feasibility of autotrophic perchlorate-removal using elemental sulfur granules and activated sludge was examined in this study. Granular sulfur is relatively inexpensive and activated sludge is easily available from wastewater treatment plants. Batch tests showed that activated sludge microorganisms could successfully degrade perchlorate in the presence of granular sulfur as an electron donor. Perchlorate biodegradation was confirmed by molar yield of Cl^- as the perchlorate was degraded. Scanning electron microscope revealed that rod-shaped microorganisms on the surface of sulfur particles were used for the autotrophic perchlorate-removal, suggesting that sulfur particles could serve as supporting media for the formation of biofilm as well. DGGE analyses revealed that microbial profile of the inoculum (activated sludge) was different from that of the biofilm sample obtained from enrichment culture that used sulfur particles for ClO_4^- -degradation.
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KEYWORD
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Autotroph, biodegradation, electron donor, elemental sulfur granules, perchlorate, reduction
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